CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2020-21 (Revised) in PDF format
Class 12 is a critical academic year where students face challenging curriculum in Chemistry, and their efforts and dedication during this year have a significant impact on their future success. The Class 12 Chemistry syllabus requires students to put in considerable effort and dedication to understand and excel in the subject, which can pave the way for a brighter future.
Indeed, the stakes are high during Class 12 as students face intense competition. Science subjects, including Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, can be particularly intimidating for students. The complexity and depth of these subjects, coupled with the pressure to excel, can create a significant amount of stress and anxiety among students.
Download Class 12 Revised Chemistry Syllabus PDF 2020-21
CBSE Class 12 Deleted Portion of Syllabus for 2020-2021
Check subject-wise details of the deducted portion of CBSE Class 9 syllabus from the following links:
CBSE class 12 Chemistry Notes: Chapter wise
| CBSE Chemistry Notes For Class 12 | |
| PART 1 | |
| Chapter 1 – The Solid State | |
| Chapter 2 – Solutions | |
| Chapter 3 – Electrochemistry | |
| Chapter 4 – Chemical Kinetics | |
| Chapter 5 – Surface Chemistry | |
| Chapter 6 – General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements (Complete chapter removed from syllabus for 2020-21 academic session) | |
| Chapter 7 – The p-Block Elements | |
| Chapter 8 – The d-and f-Block Elements | |
| Chapter 9 – Coordination Compounds | |
| PART 2 | |
| Chapter 10 – Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | |
| Chapter 11 – Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers | |
| Chapter 12 – Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids | |
| Chapter 13 – Amines | |
| Chapter 14 – Biomolecules | |
| Chapter 15 – Polymers (Complete chapter removed from syllabus for 2020-21 academic session) | |
| Chapter 16 – Chemistry in Everyday Life (Complete chapter removed from syllabus for 2020-21 academic session) |
PART 1 :
Chapter 1 – The Solid State
Solids possess definite volume, shape, and mass due to the short distance between particles and strong intermolecular interactions.
Chapter 2 – Solutions
A solution consists of a solute dissolved in a solvent, forming a homogeneous mixture. Solutions can be categorized into three types: solid solutions, gaseous solutions, and liquid solutions. Concentration of a solution can be expressed using terms like molarity, mole fraction, percentages, and molality.
Chapter 3 – Electrochemistry
An electrochemical cell is a device that generates a potential difference between electrodes through chemical reactions. It comprises two electron conductors separated by an ionic conductor, with metallic electrodes dipped in an electrolytic solution. The ionic conductor is a crucial component of the cell.
Chapter 4 – Chemical Kinetics
Chemical kinetics is the study of the rate of chemical reactions, including the formation of intermediates, rearrangement of atoms, and the effect of different variables. Factors such as catalysts, concentration of reactants, and temperature affect the rate of reaction. The rate of reaction must be determined experimentally, and rate law provides a mathematical representation of the rate.
Chapter 5 – Surface Chemistry
Adsorption is the process of attracting and retaining molecules of a substance on the surface of a solid, resulting in an increased concentration on the surface compared to the bulk. The extent of adsorption depends on factors such as the surface area of the solid, temperature of the gas, nature of the gas, pressure of the gas, and nature of the solid.
Chapter 6 – General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
Metals play a crucial role in various applications, and their extraction from mineral resources in a commercially viable manner is essential. Minerals that contain the desired metal and can be extracted are called ores.
Ores typically contain impurities that can be removed during concentration steps. After concentration, the ore is chemically treated to obtain metals, often through reduction using reducing agents such as CO, carbon, etc.
Chapter 7 – The p-Block Elements
The elements in group 13 to 18 of the periodic table are known as p-Block elements. They have a valence shell electronic configuration of ns2np1–6. In this chapter, we will be covering the remaining groups of p-Block elements, as we have already discussed groups 13 and 14 in the previous class.
Chapter 8 – The d-and f-Block Elements
The d block elements are located in the middle layer of the periodic table, with the inner d orbitals of group 3 to group 13 being filled progressively. On the other hand, f block elements are found at the bottom of the periodic table, with 5f and 4f orbitals being filled progressively. There are three series of transition elements recognized by the filling of 3d, 4d, and 5d orbitals.
Transition elements exhibit properties such as electrical conductivity, malleability, thermal conductivity, high tensile strength, metallic character, and ductility due to their high boiling and melting points.
Chapter 9 – Coordination Compounds
Coordination compounds are a challenging area in modern inorganic chemistry, involving concepts such as models of bonding, molecular structure, and important insights into the functioning of complex components in biological systems. Advances in this area have led to significant developments and understanding in the field of inorganic chemistry.
PART 2 :
Chapter 10 – Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Haloalkanes and haloarenes are organic compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbons have been replaced by halogen atoms. Haloalkanes are derived from open-chain hydrocarbons (alkanes), while haloarenes are derived from aromatic hydrocarbons.
Chapter 11 – Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
Ethers, phenols, and alcohols are classified based on the group attached to the oxygen atom. Phenols and alcohols are categorized based on two factors:
- Number of hydroxyl groups present
- Hybridization of the carbon atom to which the -OH group is attached
Chapter 12 – Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids
Carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and ketones are important organic compounds containing carbonyl groups. These molecules are highly polar and have higher boiling temperatures compared to hydrocarbons and weakly polar compounds such as ethers of similar molecular masses.
Lower members of carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and ketones are soluble in water due to the formation of hydrogen bonds with water. However, higher members have large hydrophobic carbon chains and are insoluble in water. Aldehydes can be prepared by controlled oxidation of primary alcohols or dehydrogenation, and ketones can be obtained by careful or controlled reduction of acyl halides.
Chapter 13 – Amines
Amines are derived from ammonia by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with aryl or alkyl groups. Primary amines have one hydrogen atom replaced, secondary amines have two alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, and tertiary amines have three alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom.
If the alkyl or aryl groups in tertiary and secondary amines are the same, they are called simple amines, while mixed amines have different groups attached. Amines behave as Lewis bases due to the presence of an unshared electron pair on the nitrogen atom. They can be formed from halides, amides, nitro compounds, or imides.
Chapter 14 – Biomolecules
Carbohydrates are classified into three groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Glucose is obtained through the digestion of starch. Polysaccharides and disaccharides are formed by connecting monosaccharides with glycosidic linkages. Proteins are chains of twenty different α-amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
Around ten amino acids cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained through diet, known as essential amino acids. Proteins carry out various dynamic and structural functions. They are classified as simple proteins, secondary proteins, or tertiary proteins. Simple proteins contain only α-amino acids.
Changes in pH or temperature can disrupt the structure and function of secondary and tertiary proteins, a process known as denaturation. Enzymes, which are proteins, increase the rate of chemical reactions and are highly selective and specific in their action.
Chapter 15 – Polymers
Polymers are derived from monomers, which consist of repeating structural units, and form high molecular mass macromolecules. They can occur naturally or can be synthetic, and are classified based on origin, structure, and other factors.
Chapter 16 – Chemistry in Everyday Life
The study of materials and the development of new materials for the betterment of humanity is known as Chemistry. Drugs are chemical agents that affect human metabolism to cure illnesses. However, if taken in higher doses than recommended, drugs can be poisonous. Chemotherapy involves the use of chemicals for therapeutic effects.
Drugs interact with target molecules, such as carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins, which are biological macromolecules. Drugs are designed to interact with specific targets in order to minimize side effects. Drug chemistry plays a crucial role in relieving mental stress, destroying or arresting microbes, preventing infectious diseases, and other health-related aspects.
More Reference Links –
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