In this chapter “In Garbage Out”, we can learn from School Connect Online about the waste materials and other household waste produced daily that are termed as garbage. Students will learn about the different ways of dealing with garbage.
Here we have given NCERT Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 16 Garbage In Garbage Out.
CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 16 Garbage In Garbage Out
The different topics covered in CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 16 are tabulated below:
| Section | Topic Name |
| Ex 16.1 | Dealing With Garbage |
| Ex 16.2 | Vermicomposting |
| Ex 16.3 | Think And Throw |
| Ex 16.4 | Recycling Of Paper |
| Ex 16.5 | Plastics – Boon Or A Curse? |
Ex : 16.1 – Dealing With Garbage
Garbage is defined as the items or materials that are to be discarded because they no longer serve any purpose for us or are of no use to us.
Landfill:
Waste material, faeces of animals, kitchen waste, garden waste, etc., are collected in dustbins from where it is thrown out into the low lying areas for filling a purpose.
Dustbins:
The utensil or space where the waste material is collected is called a dustbin.
Green dustbins:
We use green dustbins for collecting biodegradable waste.
Blue dustbins:
The non-biodegradable wastes which do not decompose naturally are kept in blue dustbins.
Waste :
Waste is any substance, which is discarded after primary use, or it is worthless, defective and of no use.
Biodegradable wastes :
Biodegradable wastes are items such as eggshells, vegetable and fruit skin, tea leaves, waste food etc. which can be mixed with soil and roots over time by the action of certain microorganisms. This is usually not accompanied by a pungent smell. Now this mixture of soil and rotten organic materials can be used as manure to provide nutrients to the plants. This process of conversion of biodegradable waste into manure for plants is known as composting.
Non-biodegradable waste :
The non-biodegradable waste consists of items that do not rot over time by the action of microorganisms. Examples of such items are metal scraps, plastics, glass etc.
Ex : 16.2 – Vermicomposting
Compost is an organic matter that has been decomposed and recycled as a fertilizer and soil nutrient.
Vermicomposting is the process of conversion of biodegradable waste into manure with the help of a special type of earthworm called red worms.
Ex : 16.3 – Think And Throw
- Recycling is reusing waste materials that are discarded.
- Recycling reduces the wastage of products and pollution.
Ex : 16.4 – Recycling Of Paper
- We should always write on both sides of paper sheets.
- Unused pages from old notebooks can be torn off and made into a new notebook for doing rough work and other miscellaneous work.
- We can also reuse envelopes and covers by using stickers to write new addresses.
- We can also make fresh paper from old newspapers.
Ex : 16.5 – Plastics – Boon Or A Curse?
The plastic problem is mounting day by day. A huge amount of plastic is thrown away carelessly on the street and in water bodies and such irresponsible disposal of plastic can cause several problems:
- Animals and birds alike, in search of food, end up consuming some amounts of plastic due to which many of them end up choking on these.
- Although plastic bags seem convenient to store food items, consuming these are very harmful to our health.
- It gets worse when dirty and thrown away plastic bags are reused upon mere dusting and washing them which is also very harmful.
- Upon burning or heating, plastics give rise to toxic and dangerous fumes and gases, which can potentially cause cancer in humans.
- Careless disposal of plastic on the roads also ends up choking the sewer and drainage systems.
3Rs – Reduce, Reuse and Recycle
Reducing the use of plastic and re-using harmless plastic to help reduce its over-production. Recycling paper and such articles whenever possible.
- Carrying jute and cloth bags when carrying out errands to avoid the use of polythene bags.
- Properly disposing of plastic and polythene bags
- Not using plastic products and bags to store edibles.
- Never burning plastic or dry leaves etc. and disposing of them properly.
- Using registers and notebooks made of recycled paper as much as possible.
- Avoid putting waste materials in polythene bags and throwing them on the street.
- Adopting practices like recycling paper and vermicomposting to make the best use of biodegradable waste.
This not only helps to reduce the waste that we produce but also becomes a valuable addition to the soil and helps in the nourishment of crops and plants.
Conclusion :
- Biodegradable wastes: Wastes that rot by the action of decomposers are called biodegradable wastes.
- Non-biodegradable wastes: Wastes that do not rot by the action of decomposers are called non-biodegradable wastes.
- Composting: Recycling organic wastes like vegetable peels, waste food, leaves, etc., by burying them in compost pits is called composting.
- Vermicomposting: Composting with the help of a type of earthworm, called red worms, is called vermicomposting.
- Landfills: Large areas used for waste disposal are called landfills.
- Recycling: The process by which waste materials are used to make new products is called recycling.
- There are mainly two types of wastes based on their ability to rot over some time:
- biodegradable
- non-biodegradable wastes.
- Dead plants and animals and their products decay while objects like plastic and glass do not.
- Vermicomposting and landfills are two ways of managing solid wastes.
- By practising the concept of 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle), we can manage our wastes well.
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