CBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus 2021-22: Download PDF
CBSE class 11 biology notes introduces a variety of important topics like the living world, biological classification, the structural organization in plants and animals, more about the cell, cell division, biomolecules, plant physiology, human physiology etc. A proper understanding of the fundamentals is extremely important since the concepts of these chapters are required in higher classes to understand complicated topics easily CBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus.
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CBSE Class 11 Deleted Portion of Syllabus for 2020-2021
Check subject-wise details of the deducted portion of the CBSE Class 9 syllabus from the following links:
JEE and NEET important links
NCERT Syllabus for Class 11 Biology
| UNIT I DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD |
| Chapter 1 – The Living World |
| Chapter 2 – Biological Classification |
| Chapter 3 – Plant Kingdom |
| Chapter 4 – Animal Kingdom |
| UNIT II STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS |
| Chapter 5 – Morphology of Flowering Plants |
| Chapter 6 – Anatomy of Flowering Plants (Complete chapter removed from syllabus for 2020-21 academic session) |
| Chapter 7 – Structural Organisation in Animals |
| UNIT III CELL: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS |
| Chapter 8 – Cell: The Unit of Life |
| Chapter 9 – Biomolecules |
| Chapter 10 – Cell Cycle and Cell Division |
| UNIT IV PLANT PHYSIOLOGY |
| Chapter 11 – Transport in Plants (Complete chapter removed from syllabus for 2020-21 academic session) |
| Chapter 12 – Mineral Nutrition (Complete chapter removed from syllabus for 2020-21 academic session) |
| Chapter 13 – Photosynthesis in Higher Plants |
| Chapter 14 – Respiration in Plants |
| Chapter 15 – Plant Growth and Development |
| UNIT V HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY |
| Chapter 16 – Digestion and Absorption (Complete chapter removed from syllabus for 2020-21 academic session) |
| Chapter 17 – Breathing and Exchange of Gases |
| Chapter 18 – Body Fluids and Circulation |
| Chapter 19 – Excretory Products and their Elimination |
| Chapter 20 – Locomotion and Movement |
| Chapter 21 – Neural Control and Coordination |
| Chapter 22 – Chemical Coordination and Integration |
Chapter 1 – The Living World
We do know that all living organisms reproduce, grow and metabolize. But when we look at the microscopic realm, the actual definition of life is rather blurred. For instance, viruses are basically nucleic acid that is protected by a protein coat. They exhibit no typical characteristics of living organisms such as reproduction, until and unless it is inside a host.
Chapter 2 – Biological Classification
Biological classification is a scientific procedure for classifying organisms in a series of groups and sub-groups based on their similarities and dissimilarities. The main aim of biological classification is to place the vast number of animals and plants into categories that can be easily named and recalled without ambiguity.
Chapter 3 – Plant Kingdom
Kingdom Plantae or the plant kingdom is the taxonomic rank that includes algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. The very first land plants appeared roughly 470 million years ago, and over the aeons, a spectacular number of plant biodiversity has evolved.
Chapter 4 – Animal Kingdom
The animal kingdom is one of the kingdoms among the Five-Kingdom Scheme of classification proposed by R.H. Whittaker. The animal kingdom comprises multicellular eukaryotic organisms that do not possess a cell wall.
Chapter 5 – Morphology of Flowering Plants
Morphology is the branch of Science, which mainly deals with the external structure and features of the living system. It is basically about the study of forms, morphological characteristics and relative positions of different parts of plants.
Chapter 6 – Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Plants play a major role in our life. Without plants, there would be no more life existing on planet earth. Plants provide many products for human use- air to breathe, food to eat, shelter, fabrics to cover our body, medicines, timbers and many products. There are around three lakh identified plant species and this list is still increasing.
Chapter 7 – Structural Organisation in Animals
The human body comprises billions of cells performing a multitude of functions. In multicellular entities, a group of similar cells along with intercellular substances perform a particular function, which is termed tissue. These tissues form organs which in turn form the organ system.
Chapter 8 – Cell: The Unit of Life
A cell is defined as the most basic, structural and functional unit of all living organisms. Essentially, a cell is a structure that contains organelles which provide necessary functions to sustain itself. However, not all cells are the same.
Chapter 9 – Biomolecules
The topic of biomolecules in class 11 biology mainly explains the different types of biomolecules and their importance in living organisms. This topic is not only important for the class 11 exam but also for competitive exams.
All the carbon-based compounds that are found in or produced by organisms and are essential to a biological process are called biomolecules. Examples of biomolecules include proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. Even molecules such as metabolites (primary and secondary) are considered biomolecules.
CBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus
Chapter 10 – Cell Cycle and Cell Division
It is a universally accepted fact that the cell is the most basic, structural and functional unit of life. A cell could be an individual organism by itself (such as an amoeba) or the cells could be a part of a larger organism (such as a cat). But how does this fundamental unit multiply for growth or repair? And what happens when the mechanisms that control the division of cells fail?
Chapter 11 – Transport in Plants
Transportation is the process of movement of water and minerals to all parts of the plant body. Plants have a specialized system that enables them to distribute water and nutrients throughout their body. They use several processes such as translocation, absorption, storage and utilization of water.
Chapter 12 – Mineral Nutrition
All living organisms require macromolecules such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, water and minerals for growth and development. The important elements required in mineral nutrition include:
Macronutrients
These nutrients are required by the plants in large quantities. These include carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulphur, potassium, etc.
Micronutrients
These nutrients are required by the plants in small quantities. These include iron, copper, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine, etc.
CBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus
Chapter 13 – Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
Photosynthesis is a process by which plants create their food by using sunlight. This process was first seen more than 3.4 billion years ago in organisms that were similar to bacteria. Evidence showed that they did not absorb visible light, instead, they used near-infrared and produced sulphur or sulphate compounds. It would be another 470 million years until the first land plants emerged.
Chapter 14 – Respiration in Plants
Plants perform photosynthesis to create sugars (such as glucose), this, along with oxygen is used to produce energy which is used in the plant’s growth. This process of respiration is essentially the process of photosynthesis but in reverse.
Chapter 15 – Plant Growth and Development
Growth is defined as an irreversible change in physical form. In plants, a combination of cell growth and cell division results in an almost indefinite growth. This ability is due to the presence of tissues called meristems at certain parts of the plant body.
Chapter 16 – Digestion and Absorption
Digestion is the process of breaking large, insoluble food molecules into smaller molecules for absorption into the bloodstream. Digestion begins in the mouth and continues as food travels through the small intestine.
Absorption is the process of assimilating substances into the cells or across the tissues and organs through the process of diffusion or osmosis. Absorption occurs in the small intestine.
Chapter 17 – Breathing and Exchange of Gases
Respiration is a metabolic process, which is carried out by all living organisms including plants, animals, and humans for the production of energy and to stay alive. Except for obligate anaerobes, every other organism from amoeba to humans need oxygen to survive. And evolution has charted a number of systems which enable the exchange of gases in organisms.
There are two types of respiration:
- Aerobic respiration — occurs in the presence of oxygen to produce energy.
- Anaerobic respiration — occurs in the absence of oxygen to produce energy.
Chapter 18 – Body Fluids and Circulation
All life on earth needs sustenance to survive, furthermore, life has evolved various mechanisms that facilitate this transport of materials. Organisms like the sponge use the water currents to circulate water and nutrients throughout their body cavities, enabling the cells to exchange materials. More complex organisms such as humans have specialized systems that transport nutrients to the body and waste materials away from it.
Chapter 19 – Excretory Products and their Elimination
Excretory Products and their elimination class, break down the concept of how living organisms discharge their waste products. All living organisms need a source of sustenance, and consequently, undigested materials and metabolic wastes need to be expelled from the body. Because if these materials are accumulated in the body, it can be detrimental to the health of the organism.
In the animal kingdom, wastes are excreted in one of the three forms – ammonia, urea and uric acid. Animals that excrete ammonia are called ammonotelic organisms. Organisms that produce urea are termed ureotelic organisms. Animals that produce uric acid are termed uricotelic organisms. Humans are ureotelic organisms, which means we excrete urea as the excretory product.
Chapter 20 – Locomotion and Movement
Locomotion is referred to as the voluntary movement performed by animals. The method varies depending upon the habitat and demand of the situation. Typically, locomotion is carried out in search of shelter, food, mate, suitable climatic conditions, breeding grounds, escaping from predators.
Chapter 21 – Neural Control and Coordination
The process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one another is termed coordination. The neural system and the endocrine system coordinate and integrate all activities of the body so that they function in a synchronized fashion. While the neural system provides an organized network of point-to-point connections for rapid coordination, the endocrine system renders a chemical integration through hormones.
Chapter 22 – Chemical Coordination and Integration
Chemical coordination and integration are primarily done by the endocrine glands, which secrete various hormones that regulate different body functions. In the animal kingdom, vertebrates have more complex and advanced endocrine systems when compared to invertebrates. Plants do not possess these glands, however, they do secrete plant hormones that control various functions.
More Reference Links –
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| ISO | International Science Olympiad 2020-21 |
| KVPY | Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana |
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